Mood disorders are a category of mental health conditions that affect how we regulate our emotions. The main types of mood disorders are depression, bipolar disorder, cyclothymic disorder, and seasonal affective disorder (SAD).
Mood disorders can be caused by a complex interaction of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors that affect brain chemistry and neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Key factors can include:
People with mood disorders suffer from severe, long-lasting emotional highs (mania) and/or lows (depression). Key signs can include:
A mental health professional like a psychiatrist will diagnose a mood disorder based on criteria in the DSM-5 diagnostic manual. They will ask about symptoms, including their duration, timing, and severity. They may also do a physical exam, ask about family history, and rule out causes like medications or other medical conditions.
Mood disorders cannot be overcome with willpower alone. Treatments include psychotherapy, medications, brain stimulation therapies, light therapy, lifestyle changes like exercise and sleep improvements, and self-management strategies focused on emotional regulation skills. Key options can include:
With comprehensive treatment, most people with mood disorders can manage their symptoms and live full, rewarding lives. Early intervention leads to better outcomes.
For more information or to schedule an appointment, visit Renew Health Clinic.